Who developed the concept of the 'psychological gesture' in acting?

• A. Konstantin Stanislavski
• B. Michael Chekhov
• C. Lee Strasberg
• D. Stella Adler

Answer: (B)

The psychological gesture is a technique where a single, purposeful physical action embodies a character's inner drive or essential trait, serving as a doorway into the emotional life of the role. This concept was developed by Michael Chekhov. He taught that by finding a gesture that encapsulates what the character wants and what blocks them, the actor can access authentic emotion and motivation through body and imagination, letting that gesture guide the performance. This approach contrasts with other acting traditions that rely more on memory work or vocalized analysis—Stanislavski's system emphasizes internal objectives and disciplined observation of behavior, Strasberg's Method centers on affective memory, and Adler stresses imagination within given circumstances. But Chekhov's idea stands out for linking inner life directly to a visible, physical expression that can be practiced and felt in the body, making the performance more instantly alive.